St. Matthew's Passion by Bach Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

St. Matthew's Passion by Bach - Essay Example The music was text bound and in this manner hard to quantify in light of its otherworldly and expressive force. Bach was contradiction ace as he utilized all florid time melodic language asset easily. He could join Germany multifaceted contrast, French cadenced moves and smooth songs of Italy in a solitary creation. A portion of his work incorporate Christmas oratorio which incorporate St. Matthew Passion and rising cantata (six cantatas) (Robin, 1999). Ace of St. Matthew Passion It is an oratorio composed by Bach for symphony, ensemble and solo voices. Matthew’s gospel part 26 and 27 are set into music with arias and chorale that are blended all through the melodic content (Robin, 1999). Arrangement The setting of Bach’s enthusiasm present part is in 26 and 27 of Matthew’s scriptural content in a straightforward way by utilization of recitative. Furthermore, most recent lovely messages are set by ariaso and aria developments which clarify different scriptural oc casions in a story structure (Robin, 1999). Lyrism and monolog are utilized to introduce the perspective of the characters that are included. St. Matthew Passion has the accompanying viewpoints: a) Double-ensemble which begin from twofold ensemble motets. b) Chorales are utilized widely and show up and are found in four sections as an arias augmentation. In polyphonic developments which are enormous, chorales shows up as cantus firmus. This very apparent in the finale of the primary development Mensch, bewein dein’ Sunde gro?. Chorale cantus firmus is likewise utilized in opening melody, as Kommt, ihr Tochter, helft mir klagen where soprano in ripieno make symphonious and polyphonic uneasiness, singing O Lamm Gottes, unschuldig stanza (Robin,1999) The oratorio is a twelve score concertato with eight soloists acting in two choirs(Robin,1999). Besides, additional parts have two bass and single soprano voices in the bit parts which incorporate Peter, Pilate Wife, High Priests, a nd Judas with another segment for soprano in ripieno. vocal outfits has three voice parts (three basses, three tenors , three sopranos and three altos and leftover which has two sections that give soloists ( Concertists) for the made cantatas along with other vocal works. Secco recitative is utilized in the gospel portrayal with continuo backups (Robin, 1999). Words portraying different characters are sung in recitative structure. Aside from Jesus, other named parts, incorporate two ancillae(maids),two witness, Judas, two consecrated minister, dwindle and Pilates’ spouse. Arias are frequently doled out to character soloist who sings with the choir(Robin,1999). Also, a couple of soloists sings the two part harmonies which simultaneously speak to two speakers. Turba (Crowd) are sections for some speakers and is sung by it is possible that a couple of ensembles. There is unique treatment for the expressions of Jesus Vox Christi. This is by formation of accompagnato recitatives w hich are joined by continuo and symphonic string area by utilization of long notes that are supported and focusing on explicit words (Robin, 1999). Instruments St Matthew Passion has a setting of two symphonies and two ensembles and it incorporate two Gamba, two woodwinds, and two oboe and basso continuo. Instruments make a specific state of mind in arias for instance Aus Liebe will mein Heiland sterben which is #49 soprano arias where there is no security therefore basso continuo and string nonattendance (Robin, 1999). Compositional style Recitatives make a disposition

Tess of the dUrbervilles as a Tragedy Essay Example

Tess of the dUrbervilles as a Tragedy Essay Despite the fact that there is a propensity in twentieth century essayists, and abstract pundits, to move toward catastrophe as a high and overwhelming perfect, to endeavor a disaster in the nineteenth century was a successive endeavor, and it isn't amazing that, given Hardys agonizing and undaunted insight, the class has a ground-breaking nearness in his accounts. In the event that his prosperity is best and most inconspicuous n catastrophe, he had endeavored and prevailing previously, and his investigations proceeded after Tess of the dUrbervilles. Strong went to the composition of Tess of the dUrbervilles with a full head of steam in the wake of choosing around six years sooner that Wessex was his subject and disaster his sort, and amidst a perusing and thinking program that made him mindful of the most recent advancements in late-Victorian scholarly pondering. A portion of the occasions related with the considerations of that age are social and financial abuse of done for lower class by nouveau riche nobility, psychological oppression by self-importance, scholarly experiences without an away from of direction or of social commitment; bigger social, mechanical and agrarian developments that continue without worry for those people most tangibly and genuinely instinctively influenced (harvesters, Swede diggers); the vacuity and haplessness of social organizations, for example, the Church probably set up to help those out of luck, however which rather work doctrinally and careeristically, and neo-intricacy of all, relativism and subjectivity. We will compose a custom paper test on Tess of the dUrbervilles as a Tragedy explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom exposition test on Tess of the dUrbervilles as a Tragedy explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom exposition test on Tess of the dUrbervilles as a Tragedy explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer A fascinating theory may be whether these ideas in humanistic terms so outstanding and alluring probably won't be at last liable for the enduring of such individuals as Tess, who can't join such complexities into the everyday ness of their originations and aspirations. As a matter of first importance, the course occasions Tess experiences might be thought of. Tess is the oldest girl of John Durbyfield. Yet, later on it is found that they are really descendents of the once renowned knight DUrbervilles. Poor guardians of Tess send her to the DUrbervilles who are really stirs and individual from the nouveau riche upper class to guarantee family with them and consequently, if conceivable, to improve their part. Yet, there she is tempted by Alec DUrberville and after she returns, she brings forth a kid, who kicks the bucket inside a couple of days. At that point for the subsequent time, she goes out for work to Tallothays dairy where she is enamored with Angel Clare and in this manner wedded to her. Yet, on her wedding night she is abandoned by Clare, and again needs to go to Flintcomb Ash for work. There again she goes over Alec, who is determinedly seeking after for her body. Meanwhile Angel leave for Brazil. Tess gives her agree to live with Alec as her fancy woman, the explanation being her familys hard up circumstance. Blessed messenger finally understands his shortcoming and comes back from Brazil. Tess murders Alec, is joined with Angel and inside a couple of days is caught by the police and towards the end she is condemned to death. As has just been called attention to that there are a few parts of the awfulness of Tess: social, individual, chronicled and scholarly. Arnold Kettle, the veteran Marxist pundit, figure among the individuals who are keen on the social part of Tesss catastrophe. As indicated by him, Tesss story, however an impactful individual case history, would not have gotten so popular in the event that it were close to that. The history and land foundation of southern England are not only a vital foundation to Tesss story, they are essential to it, entering every step of the way and level into the embodiment of the circumstance that Hardy portrays. It is apparent over the span of Tess of the dUrbervilles that modern attack from the northern England is representing a genuine danger to southern England, where Tess and individuals of her preferences live. Industrialization is wrecking the social texture of the natural network of the south. The conventional land possessing class is in question by the recently rich tradesmen, who are at any rate halfway spoke to by Angel. Filtering of individuals from nation inferable from absence of business is likewise occurring. Tess and young ladies of her like are helpless. They are lured by individuals like Alec. Arnold Kettle closes, saying that if David Copperfield is each father youngster manhandled by a cruel stepfather, Tess is each guiltless yet destroyed lady. The creator himself Hardy is by all accounts intrigued by the verifiable viewpoint of Tess of the dUrbervilles. Tess is a little girl of the once compelling DUrbervilles. Viciousness was a piece of the life of the DUrbervilles and when they were very amazing they used to manhandle young ladies. In any case, history rehashes itself, and there is additionally a harsh incongruity of it. Today, Tess, the descendent of the old DUrbervilles is manhandled by others. History is rehashing itself however just the job has been turned around. How smooth the incongruity of history is! In part 59, it is referenced that . he dUrbervilles knights and ladies dozed on in their tombs accidental. This acclaimed proclamation, included modification, underscores the centrality to the novel of the old DUrbervilles. Strong has a genuine use for the antiquated family an update both of time and of cyclic event yet in addition f the superfluity of the DUrbervilles in the advanced world. The individual and scholarly viewpoints interpenetrate and cover with one another. Tesss disaster has the two its individual and scholarly viewpoints. The establishment of Hardys thought of disaster of the individual swarms the novel. Albeit now Tess is essentially a lady and maybe his DUrberville foundation is additionally of little significance. Yet, yet she is a person whose differentiation from other nation young ladies can be set apart in numerous occasions. Tesss skin is as sumple as a duchesss. It demonstrates that her appearance is one of her critical viewpoint. Tough, the storyteller, has referenced that Tess utilizes two vernaculars one at home to talk with her mom and another, which is increasingly standard and changed top banter with untouchables. This is unmistakably a differentiation from other nation young ladies. In this regard it is additionally critical that she has perused up to the 6th standard at a school and she sustained the expectation of turning into a teacher. Tesss feeling of pride outlines her from the remainder of the nation young ladies. At the point when the nation people ridicule her dad she counters. There is another angle in her character which is likely exceptional in a male overwhelmed society. She is consistently prepared to assume the liability of anything identified with the fortune of her family whether it be the passing of their pony, Prince or the duty to guarantee budgetary adequacy for the family. Her mom has an exceptional preference for music and she can retain any tune in the wake of tuning in to it just a single time. This has affected Tess. The most huge characteristic in her character is that she can make such reflections as to delight even Angel. He discloses to her that she ponders such issues which are with regards to the throb of innovation. An American pundit, Dale Kramer, while remarking on Tesss character, has said that there is a logical inconsistency in her character; she is a blend of commonplace ness and phenomenon. We may wish to follow an alternate track. Tess, on the shallow level, may seem commonplace, however in actuality, contrasted with others and given such huge numbers of qualities of her character, she is clearly exceptional. In this regard what D. H. Lawrence says is extraordinary, Tess is uninvolved out of self-acknowledgment, a genuine highborn quality, measuring nearly to self-lack of concern. She realizes she is herself This is an uncommon quality, even in a lady. What's more, in a development so inconsistent, it is just about a shortcoming. This is the embodiment of Tesss catastrophe. She is noble to such an extent that she can just assistance, she can never be made a difference. Both Alec and Angel do her mischief. To Alec she made a confounded acquiescence. She finds that she doesn't adore him, she gets back. The main issue of Tess if that she is searching for a personality which will accommodate her. It is in Angel that she discovers it. In any case, lamentably enough, Angle can't recognize this. He, who is an understudy of something and everything, has, toward the start, cherished just a picture in Tess, not her genuine self. When the picture vanished, he abandoned her. It is simply after a long course of visit in Brazil that he comes to understand his flaw. Be that as it may, it is past the point of no return. In the seventh stage, Tess got her personality and that is her association with Angel and now she is prepared to kick the bucket, since she has accomplished her satisfaction the pinnacle of her thriving. In her relationship with Angel, love is the fundamental upgrade. Be that as it may, Angel can't understand it. He can't find the profundity of Tess love, nor its trustworthiness. So he additionally endures. She slaughters Alec in light of the fact that he was a snag a man among Angel and herself in the manner to accomplishing her personality. This executing is a chivalrous deed, no uncertainty, in the event that we think about the purpose for it. Tess accept a gallant greatness when she expresses in Chapter 58, What must come will come. After arousing at Stonehenge to discover police there, she echoes Aeschylus in saying, It is as it ought to be (Chapter 59) and furthermore in her final words in the novel, I am prepared. (Section 59) Towards the end Hardy gives a setting to Tesss climactic affliction and disaster clearly, legitimately partner his rustic, quotidian victim with the fanciful Ixion being rebuffed in hellfire by being attached to a spinning wheel. (It is fascinating that the Ixonean wheel is one of Schopenhauers most loved old style pictures. ) Society has contributed a lot to Tesss catastrophe. It is consistently threatening to nobles of

2013 Essay Questions - UGA Undergraduate Admissions

2013 Essay Questions - UGA Undergraduate Admissions 2013 Essay Questions As promised, here are the essay questions for the 2013 First Year application. The application will be available in mid-August. 1. Choose an intellectual or creative opportunity (for example, community involvement, a summer program, a unique project, travel abroad, etc.) from your high school years that you have enjoyed and highlight how you have grown personally because of the experience. 2. UGAs First Year Odyssey Program offers more than 300 seminar courses for new freshmen. Some examples include The History ofHorse-racing, Einstein and the Theories of Relativity and The Zombie Plague. If you could create your own seminar course at UGA in any subject area that interests you, what would it be? What would the course be named and what would you hope to learn? 3. Tell us an interesting or amusing story about yourself that you have not already shared in your application. 4. Incredibly, you have just won a $100 million lottery. To receive it, you must first earn a college degree. How does this change your college experience? How does it change your life after college? You may also find the questions onlinehere. Go Dawgs!

The Crime of Rape - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 10 Words: 2990 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Law Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? RAPE Introduction: Rape is one of the most serious crimes that an individual can commit. There are a variety of laws that deal with the offence of rape, giving a guideline on how investigative officers should handle victims of rape, and also suspects of rape. An example of such kind of law is the sexual offences act of 2003. This law was passed in 2003, by the parliament of the United Kingdom, and it establishes the ways and manner in which police officers ought to deal with rape and it gives a clear definition of rape (Bonnes, 2011). This act defines rape as a sexual offence that occurs when an individual intentionally penetrates the mouth, anus, or vagina of another person with his penis, and without the consent of the victim. In as much as rape is a negative phenomenon, and causes much suffering to the victims, the victims of rape are always seen in a very negative perspective. In a survey conducted in 2010, for purposes of celebrating the 10th anniversar y for the Haven service on rape victims, results showed that more than a half, of the 1000 people surveyed in London denoted that rape victims should take responsibility for the attack (Messina-Dysert, 2012). In another survey, sponsored by Amnesty International in 2008, found that more than half of those surveyed believed that a woman who is raped, should be partially responsible for the attack (Suarez and Gadalla, 2010). This is if the woman engaged in a flirtatious behavior, or inappropriately dressed. This survey was conducted at the Northern Ireland University (Davies, Gilston and Rogers, 2012). For purposes of understanding why the society has negative attitudes towards victims of rape, it is important to first understand the aspect of demonization of women who are promiscuous. Women normally live with the constant knowledge and fear of arbitrary judgment against them, when they have many sexual partners (Messina-Dysert, 2012). However, the most worrying trend, the society will always pass a negative judgment on a woman who is raped, and is believed to have so many partners, or is promiscuous. Due to these negative judgments against rape victims, the victims fear to come forward, for purposes of reporting incidences of the crime of rape (Nowrojee, 2005). This paper takes a stand that the negative perceptions and judgments against the victims of rape compound their sufferings. This paper analyzes the various perceptions of rape victims, and how these perceptions play a role in preventing rape victims from accessing justice. In order to meet the objectives of this paper, the researcher will first identify the reasons as to why some people rape women and the effects of rape against the victims. In order to understand effectively the negative perceptions that some society have against victims of rape, it is essential to understand the causes of rape, and its consequences. The effects of rape that this paper analyzes are the physical and psychological e ffects. After the identification of these causes and effects, this paper will analyze the various perceptions that the society has towards rape victims, and how they are affected psychologically, and physically. This paper has a recommendation on how to help victims of rape recover from their sufferings, and a conclusion which is a summary of the major points contained in this paper. Causes of Rape and its consequences: It is important to denote that the causes of rape is not about having some sexual satisfaction, but seeking for power and total control. Most rapists are emotionally unstable men, who are insecure and are not able to approach a woman in an open manner (Davies, Gilston and Rogers, 2012). To assert a sense of control, rapists would force a woman into having sexual activity with them, as a result leading to a sense of power and control. It is important to denote that some rapists normally have a wife and they get their sexual satisfaction from their wives. However , these rapists cannot forceful touch their wives and instill fear in them (Goodhart, 2007). Rape has two major effects that are physical, and psychological. Physical effects include urinary infections, painful penile penetrations, acquirance of sexually transmitted diseases, and unwanted pregnancies (Davies, Gilston and Rogers, 2012). Psychological effects on the other hand includes, self blame, depression, negative flashback, anger, distrust, stress, sleeping disorders, feeling of vulnerability, and withdrawing from friendship associations. It is important to denote that the society has inappropriately placed some of the causes of rape to the victim himself (Ryan, 2011). These causes of rape, that the society denotes are the responsibility of the victim on most occasions lead to the negative perception of rape victims. It is these negative perceptions that normally increase the physical and psychological suffering of rape victims. However, it is important to denote that the soc iety will apportion blame on the rape victim, based on the traditions and culture of the society under consideration. Perceptions of rape victims and its effects on the victims: The attitudinal based characteristics of an observer play a great role in the explanation of the negative perceptions towards victims of rape. These attitudinal characteristics are shaped by the traditional stereotyping of gender roles, and sexual conservatism. Studies give a revelation that people who normally find it okay for a male person to be drunk, as opposed to a female person normally have negative attitudes towards victims of rape (Hong, 2013). The following are some of the attitudinal characteristics that are responsible for passing negative judgment on women rape victims, the promiscuity of the woman, dressing inappropriately by the woman, drunkenness, unnecessary flirting, the respect that the victim had within the society. These people argue that a raped woman might have been either a drun kard, and as a result, she was unable to control her emotions or feelings (Withey, 2010). They further argue that most women who are raped must either be promiscuous, and as a result, they enjoyed the act of rape. On this basis, the claim that they are raped is false, and does not hold any ground (Goodhart, 2007). These people further denote that a woman might have initiated the act of rape, because she was either flirting with the man under consideration, or she was inappropriately dressed, arousing the rapists (Hong, 2013). Based on these arguments, these people claim that it is a rape victim who is to blame for the attack against them. It is important to denote that there is little study on the causes of negative perception that people have towards male rape victims (Ayinde, 2010). Studies reveal that there is an increase in the number of male rape victims, and they are always blamed for the attack, just as the female rape victims are blamed for an attack against them (Riccard i, 2010). Studies reveal that male victims are always viewed negatively by the police, and health workers, and on this basis, few cases of male rape are always reported. The negative perceptions that people have towards male rape victims emanates from the sexuality of the male individual (Ayinde, 2010). The male are always believed to be strong, and on this basis, they are supposed to be in control of their sexuality and sexual lives. On this basis, a male who is raped, is weak, and is not in control of his own sexuality. The male rape victims are also considered promiscuous, and this is because they were not able to control their sexuality (Goodhart, 2007). Due to these negative perceptions of rape victims, it would be very difficult for these people to report the crimes to law enforcement officers. This is because they would feel guilty of orchestrating the crime, they will also be shameful, and their levels of stress would increase (Gilbert, 1998). Failing to report the crime to police officers, would mean that the suspect is still on the loose, and he would attack again. This is the kind of fear that rape victims will have, leading to an increase in their stress level. This is because they do not know if the rapist would return or not. For fear of victimization, these victims might not seek for medical attention. This might make them to contract dangerous diseases such as HIV, Syphilis, and other STDs, if not detected early (Withey, 2010). It might also make the patient to suffer from more stress, because of failure to get some psychological treatment. Due to these negative perceptions on rape victims, these victims begin blaming themselves, accelerating further their psychological and physical health (Tavrow, Withers, Obbuyyi, Omollo and Wu, 2013). This is because their stress level will grow, leaving them vulnerable to emotional torture. Homophobia is another reason as to why people have a negative feeling towards male rape victims. Homophobia refe rs to a range of negative feelings that the society has against the gay people, this includes homosexuals, lesbians, the transgender, and the bi-sexual people (Koshan, 2012). Homophobia can always be expressed in the form of hatred, prejudice, antipathy, contempt, and it is always based on religious and traditional beliefs. Take for example the Buggery Act of 1533 that outlawed home sexuality in England. The consequences of being caught in a homosexuality act was death, however, such kind of laws were repelled by the 2004 civil partnership act that recognizes homosexuality (Vidal, 2011). In Uganda, the president recently signed the anti-homosexuality law that imprisoned any one found engaging in homosexual acts for life. According to this law, anyone who fails to report an homosexual, is also vulnerable to imprisonment. It is important to denote that male rape victims are always associated with homosexuality, and this is an erroneous assumption (Goodhart, 2007). In as much as stu dies reveal that victims and offenders of male rape are on most occasionsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ heterosexual, male rape is perceived to be associated with motives of homosexuality (Suarez and Gadalla, 2010). On this basis, observers are more likely to invoke homophobic feelings against male victims, as they will view them as homosexuals. People view homosexuality as a negative and deviant behavior that goes against the norm within the society. Homosexuality is considered to be an evil behavior that is against the major religions of the world, which includes Christianity, Islam, Buddhism, and even Judaism (Delisi, 2013). These religions believe that sexual acts must only occur between a man and a woman, and it is for purposes of recreation. On this basis, any sexual act, that occurs between a man and a man, or a woman and a woman is evil, and must be punished. This therefore brings us to the concept of the Just World Theory in explaining the perceptions that people have towards victim s of rape, more so, victims of male rape (Delisi, 2013). According to the Just World Theory, people will always get whatever they deserve in life (Withey, 2010). This theory denotes that the world is a just and a fair place, and anyone living a moral life, will be rewarded by morality, and anyone living an immoral life, will be rewarded by immorality (Dosekun, 2013). Those people who ascribe to this theory believe that when a good thing or issue happens to an individual, then it is because the same person did some good things. However, when a bad thing happens to an individual, such as rape, then that person did some bad things, i.e. that person can be immoral, or promiscuous (Suarez and Gadalla, 2010). This theory apportions blame to the victim, as opposed to the person who committed the act. On this basis, victims of rape are responsible for the attack, and this leads to an aspect of self blame (Schroeder, 2010). As discussed earlier, self-blame is not a positive effect, as it will have a psychological effect on the victim leading to an increase in their stress levels, and creating emotional imbalances. It will be very difficult for these people to access medical and psychological services because of self-blame, and fear of victimization from medical personnel (Egan and Wilson, 2011). This might make their health system to fail, and they may even be tempted to commit suicide because of high levels of stress. Male victims on the other will not report such kind of an incidence to the police, or any other authority. This is because of the homophobia that exists because of such an attack. For instance in Uganda, it will be difficult for a male rape victim to report to the police, for fear of being mistaken as a homosexual. Recommendation on how to change the negative perceptions against rape victims: In order to help these victims, the society needs to appreciate the various character traits of people. For example, one of the contributing factors of a n egative perception against rape victims is the demonization of women who are promiscuous (Delisi, 2013). The society has a negative attitude towards women viewed as promiscuous, and as a result, when they are raped, the society does not feel any pity towards them. This has to stop, and this is because it is not the business of anybody on how many people a woman sleeps with. What the society needs to do is to encourage moral behavior through education, and use of the social media (Delisi, 2013). Condemning this people to the point of accepting a breach of their rights is not prudent and good. On this basis, the society needs to have a change of attitude in regard to immoral women, and help them to achieve justice in case they are raped. The society also needs to accept that there is the existence of the homosexuals, and the lesbians (Kavaler-Adler, 2010). In as much as these are negative aspects of the society, there is a need of initiating policies aimed at helping them live norm al lives. This is as opposed to discriminating them, and passing unfair judgments against them. The British government has realized the importance of recognizing the rights of these people, and hence it has formulated various laws and legislations aimed at protecting the homosexuals, the lesbians, the transgender, against discrimination, stigma, and a breach of their human rights (Klippenstine and Schuller, 2012). Laws such as the civil partnership act of 2004, and the equality act of 2010, protects the homosexuals and the lesbians against discrimination, and stigma. It is also important for oppressive laws, such as the Ugandan anti-homosexual bill of 2014 to be abolished. This would help in instilling confidence amongst this group of people, and when stigma and discrimination in regard to homosexuals is removed, male victims of rape might get the confidence of reporting such kind of atrocities against them. There is also a need by various governments to educate the public on the causes of rape, and the consequence of such an attack has on its victims. Through education, the government might succeed in changing the negative attitudes that people have towards rape victims. Under education, the government and other civil societies might use the television, radio stations, the internet, and newspapers to pass on their messages. Conclusion: In conclusion, rape is a very serious offence that normally has some negative impact on the victims. Victims of rape usually suffer from physical and physiological effects. These physical effects include body injuries, unwanted pregnancies, and diseases. Physiological effects include stigma, depression and stress. In as much as rape is a negative thing, victims of rape usually suffer from stigma and discrimination. This is because they are always blamed for the attack against them. This promotes an issue of self-blame amongst the victims of rape, leading to an increase in depression or stress. To help these people, the re is a need of changing the attitudes of people against rape victims. This change in attitude will only come through education, and initiating laws that criminalizes discrimination and stigmatization. Bibliography: Ayinde, O. (2010). Psychological Techniques In Helping Rape Victims. Edo Journal of Counselling, 1(1), 15-26. Bonnes, S. (2011). Gender and Racial Stereotyping in Rape Coverage. Feminist Media Studies, 325, 1-20. Davies, M., Gilston, J., Rogers, P. (2012). Examining the Relationship Between Male Rape Myth Acceptance, Female Rape Myth Acceptance, Victim Blame, Homophobia, Gender Roles, and Ambivalent Sexism. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 27(14), 2807-2823. Delisi, M. (2013). An Empirical Study of Rape in the Context of Multiple Murder. Journal of Forensic Sciences, 23, n/a-n/a. Dosekun, S. (2013). Rape is a huge issue in this country: Discursive constructions of the rape crisis in South Africa. Feminism Psychology, 23(4), 517-535 . Egan, R., Wilson, J. C. (2011). Rape Victims Attitudes to Rape Myth Acceptance. Psychiatry, Psychology and Law, 34, 1-13. Gilbert, N. (1998). Realities and mythologies of rape. society, 35(2), 356-362. Goodhart, M. (2007). Sins of the Fathers: War Rape, Wrongful Procreation, and Childrenà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Human Rights . Journal of Human Rights,, 6, 307-324. Hong, Y. (2013). Teaching Rape Texts in Classical Literature. Classical World, 106(4), 669-675. Kavaler-Adler, S. (2010). Seduction, Date Rape, And Aborted Surrender. International Forum of Psychoanalysis, 19(1), 15-26. Klippenstine, M. A., Schuller, R. (2012). Perceptions of sexual assault: expectancies regarding the emotional response of a rape victim over time. Psychology, Crime Law, 18(1), 79- 94. Koshan, J. (2012). Book Review: Rethinking Rape Law: International and Comparative Perspectives: International Approaches to Rape. Social Legal Studies, 21(3), 425-430. Messina-Dysert , G. (2012). Rape and Spiritual Death. Feminist Theology, 20(2), 120-132. Nowrojee, B. (2005). Making the Invisible War Crime Visible: Post-Conflict Justice for Sierra Leones Rape Victims. Havard Human Rights Journal, 18, 86-105. Riccardi, P. (2010). Male Rape. The Primary Care Companion to the Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 29, 124-159. Ryan, K. M. (2011). The Relationship between Rape Myths and Sexual Scripts: The Social Construction of Rape. Sex Roles, 65(11-12), 774-782. Schroeder, J. A. (2010). With Eyes of Flesh: The Bible, Gender and Human Rights; Configurations of Rape in the Hebrew Bible: A Literary Analysis of Three Rape Narratives. Biblical Interpretation: A Journal of Contemporary Approaches, 18(4), 443- 448. Suarez, E., Gadalla, T. M. (2010). Stop Blaming the Victim: A Meta-Analysis on Rape Myths. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 25(11), 2010-2035. Tavrow, P., Withers, M., Obbuyyi, A., Omollo, V., Wu, E. (2013). Rape Myth Atti tudes in Rural Kenya: T oward the Development of a Culturally Relevant Attitude Scale and à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Blame Indexà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ . Journal of Inter-Personal Violence, 28(10), 2156-2178. Vidal, M. (2011). Is it Rape? On Acquaintance Rape and Taking Womenà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Consent Seriously Archives of Sexual Behavior, 40(5), 1075-1076. Withey, C. (2010). Rape and Sexual Assault Education: Where is the Law?. New Criminal Law Review, 13(4), 802-825. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Crime of Rape" essay for you Create order

Italian Verb Conjugations Costare

Nancy Bligh Was Born October 25Th, 1954 In Paterson, New

Nancy Bligh was born October 25th, 1954 in Paterson, New Jersey to Elizabeth Anne Gormley and Edward Bligh. When Elizabeth gave birth to her third child Nancy, she immediately felt like she was going into labor again. To everyone’s amazement, she gave birth again to a fourth child! Sadly, when she asked the doctor what the gender of the other child was, the doctor said, â€Å"You don’t need to know that. You just gave birth to a healthy baby girl. That is all you need to know.† Back then the doctors did not have to tell you everything they tell you know. Liz, swears that she gave birth twice so Nancy would have been a twin, but the other baby was a stillborn. The doctors would not talk to her about it. Nancy and her family moved to Guilford,†¦show more content†¦Over time he became a local and they family finally fit in. Nancy’s mother Elizabeth was the tenth out of thirteen children. She married at 16 and had six children of her own. Nancyâ€℠¢s father was 19 when he married Elizabeth, and he was the youngest of four children. They felt obligated to get married because Liz was pregnant and it was not socially acceptable for her to be a single teenage mother. After 16 years of marriage they got a divorce and Nancy’s mom moved back to New Jersey. Years later she moved to Arizona so that she could live near her own mother. Liz remarried in Arizona, but never had any more children. Her dad lived in Sangerville, Maine after the divorce. Eventually, he remarried and divorced for the second time. Luckily he got a son named Billy out of that marriage. Edward decided at the age of 48 to take a sabbatical from the real-estate business and travel. After he split from his ex-wife he traveled while he still had his health. At the age of 69 Edward Bligh died of lung cancer. He acquired lung cancer most likely from smoking cigarettes for the majority of his life. While Ed was still living with cancer, Nancy took him to all of hi s doctors appointments as well as to all of his scheduled radiation and chemotherapy appointments. Sadly, he only lived eighteen months after he was diagnosed. Nancy was twelve years old when her parents divorced and the family was split up. Half

Challenges Faced SR Limited

Questions: 1. Challenges faced by SR Limited 2. Analysis of the problem faced by SR Limited? Answers: Introduction A brief description about the report presented of the SR Limited which is oil and gas exploration and production organization and the organization facing some challenges regarding finance, drill test, field licensing, and various ethical issues. According to this report analysis the problems facing by the SR Limited and their recommendations will be mentioned over here(Sternberg, E. (2009). SR Limited is facing different kind of problems which is related to exploration and production of oil and gas industry. SR limited has to plan before testing their new field of oil and gas exploration. SR Limited confirmed their license for their new field which faces many problems in the process (Anon, 2015). As in an uncertain military attack affected their outsourcing and partnership activities. And as well as the workers of this company suffers a lot because company stops their production work for some time.(Abbe, Grimes and Fowler, 2011). The recommendationabout the company report is about an alysis of problems and different reason affects the business activity of the SR Limited. Challenges faced by SR Limited SR Limited isfaces various difficulties regarding their financial, ethical, site issues and as well as political activities etc. This company has beenfacing various problems regarding exploration and production of oil and gas (Inkpen and Moffett, 2011). This organization is during testing their new field for exploration of oil and gas, getting confirm license for the new field and other process faces several problems which affect their business production (Anon, 2015). The particular important challenges faced by company which is define with the case study, they need to think when they have to increase or decrease their financial structure for testing. SR Limited has to think about increasing the expenditure cost for drilling process for new field organization having some problems related to field size and drilling length to find oil sources expenses.The company is more dependent on fossil fuels and natural fuels. Lack of fuel may lead company to drill some more new refinery otherwis e they need to shut down the production. The SR Limited for the final product development always depends upon the drilling and search of new field. According to case study major factors are related to government policiesCorrigendum. (2013). SR Limited have all process are coordinated and directed by the corporate governance. Stakeholders and customers are mainly affected by the industries governance structure. Some more corporate responsibilities in UK are facing problems which are related to these industries. Corporate social responsibility helps companies to work under governance which is maintained by the legal authority for oil and gas industry. According to case study of Apache field SR Limited and Boring Holes in UK did partnership within the company. Because of military attack incident affects the work relationship between these companies. The recommendation in the report is after analyze the reason behind the difficulties and the other causes which affects the business process of the company from the depth of SR LIMITED is not available to bear this much negative effects in the business.According to the research it comes to know that this company is unable to manage their outsourced activities. SR Limited planni ng for its long term process, decided about all the consideration about their need of fossil fuelsCorrigendum. (2013). the lack of fossil fuels and renewable resources may lead company towards loss.Because of limited quantity of fossil fuels mostly company has to face lots of difficulties. There are three kinds of business run by the company is upstream, downstream and midstream. For exploration of production of oil and gas, mainly company uses upstream butif upstream process can be get affected so other two also wont work. The whole problems in the company regarding production can be because of internal factors.Similarly, all the production activities can get affected because of the external factors as well which is depends upon the scenarios of the workplace which is related to the organization. Analysis of the problem faced by SR Limited SR Limited has been faced different kind of problems during exploration and production of oil and gas which may lead because of internal and external factors. The external factors are mainly all legal and framework, and policies made by the organization. According to case study, because of the less expenditure limit company is not able to get license for its fourth oil field(Kotler, P. and Lee, N. (2005). SR Limited is weakest company among its competitors in oil and gas production industry because of that company is not able to fulfill its financial obligation. As according to the financial performance of the company SR Limited that revenue of the organization is same for the two supplies nation in 31march, 2014. The gross profit of company is average of 48% for the year 31march, 2015 and as well distribution cost the company is also unchanged in the year 2014.working capital of the organization is also reduced of $10million and also the level of the accounts payable is increase with $5million because of longer payment period.Taxation activities of the company are also payable at 24% of all earnings of the company after 9 months for the financial year. At the other hand the noncurrent assets of the company is now at $30 million and dividend is also paid to maintain the relationship between shareholders of the company. The insufficient amount of fossil fuel and renewable energy resources in the future can destroy the production of oil and gas. Companies haverearranged the tasks for their fuel management for future purpose otherwise it may get shut down because of its non-moving production process. The important of the case study which may destroy the production process because of the government regulationsJahdi, K. (2014). According to the case study, it is mentioned that company with whom SR Limited used to work was affected due to military attack on the area. Companys corporate governance, financial capability and others activities may arise some difficulties. According to the case study, the company is not able to take proper decision about their production process(Douglass, L. (2011). Company gets affected because of improper planning of the new work. According to the case study SR Limited was not planned about their work plan properly and improper estimation affects the business activities. The problem faced by the company because of license activity due to improper finance allocated by company for their supplier and creditors of SR Limited and its effects the different testing process of new fields . Recommendations With the point of view of a management consultant of SR Limited the suggestion regarding all the problems faced by the company because of improper flow of financial capability. By savings and make proper financial planning company can save themselves with future crisis. As in an uncertain military attack affected their outsourcing and partnership activities. And as well as the workers of this company suffers a lot because company stops their production work for some time. The recommendation about the company report is about analysis of problems and different reason affects the business activity of the SR Limited. Company must be managing the policies and framework which is assigned by the management of the company. In the negotiation process of the SR limited, company always needs to follow ethical way. Oil and gas production is interring dependent on fuels and renewable energy resources.Company has to safe adequate number of fossils for their future performance. And also stop the wastage of resources while production, organization should train their employees for this to avoid misuse of recourses(Norwood, 2014). The insufficient amount of fossil fuel and renewable energy resources in the future can destroy the production of oil and gas. Companies have rearranged the tasks for their fuel management for future purpose otherwise it may get shut down because of its non-moving production process. The important of the case study which may destroy the production process because of the government regulationsIdowu, S., Capaldi, N., Zu, L. and Das Gupta, A. (2013). This is kind information for the all companies which is sincerely follow the rules of corporate social responsibility and maintain all the work in an ethical way. Maintaining ethics always gives good impacts to the business process at all manner. According to the study of cases is mainly mention that company is get effected because of unsystematic risk for that any company is not prepared properly.SR Limited must give support to the company by enhancing their power with both internal and external elements. The suggestion regarding maintaining the correlation with government bodies, companyalways have to do planning in a good manner and considering all the government authority and other factors in consideration for decoding about location for production activity. There are different Step process can be used by the organization for their better future. For example when drill test of field is required they should do it otherwise the production cycle of oil and gas will be affected. SR Limited must have to focus on their initial planning and all the related work which is attached with planning like business environment and as well as rules expenses manage by the companyEkhator, E. (2014). This company SR Limited should have estimation of their maintenance of their all cost related to exploration, production, or it can be for outsourcing process for production activities.As shown in the case study that company has faced lots of problems which is related to drilling and licensing issues because of some financial crisis and ethical issues. For starting a new location process this organization should analyze the process cost of all different factors which may related to cost of land or location of fieldEdjenekpo, L. (n.d.). SR Limited need to plan for their Long term plans by taking into consideration of their all available resources and as well as all needed resources for their production of oil and gas.This company should have all the estimated cost for production and exploration process. The gross profit of company is average of 48% for the year 31march, 2015 and as well distribution cost the company is also unchanged in the year 2014.working capital of the organization is also reduced of $10 million and also the level of the accounts payable is increase with $5 million because of longer payment period. Taxation activities of the company are also payable at 24% of all earnings of the company after 9 months for the financial year. At the other hand the noncurrent assets of the company is now at $30 million and dividend is also paid to maintain the relationship between shareholders of the company. This company must give afford to inspire their workforce as a team for the better accountability of the company.The results for case study recommendations for SR Limited should try to provide their employees security in oil and gas production locations for this reasons company will give more potentials to the image of the company for future enhancement. Conclusion According to the entire discussion in the case study make the conclusions that SR Limited is oil and gas production organization which currently is having various problems regarding their financial and as well others business related issues. According to the case study, industry is completely dependent on raw resources and lack of resources may lead companys production will be affected. SR limited has to plan before testing their new field of oil and gas exploration. SR Limited confirmed their license for their new field which faces many problems in the process (Anon, 2015). The inefficient management of company is unable to take decision about their financial ability and also operational activity.All the analysis above is showing the all the difficulty suffers by the company during their production activity of oil and gas. SR Limited is weakest company among its competitors in oil and gas production industry because of that company is not able to fulfill its financial obligation. As according to the financial performance of the company SR Limited that revenue of the organization is same for the two supplies nation in 31march, 2014Blowfield, M. and Murray, A. (2011). According to the market research the company is having stable future ahead. The board of directors of the company discussed in the meeting that SR Limited required defining their long term goals especially about their continuous lack of sustainability of fossil fuels. This organization is already stable in the field of oil and gas industry from long time back but due certain changes in marke t company is loses its holds in oil and gas market. Reference Blowfield, M. and Murray, A. (2011).Corporate responsibility. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Edjenekpo, L. (n.d.). Employee Perception of Nigerian Content, Corporate Social Responsibility and Sustainability Issues in the Oil and Gas Equipment and Service Industry in the Niger Delta: 2010 and Beyond.SSRN Journal. Ekhator, E. (2014). Corporate Social Responsibility and Chinese Oil Multinationals in the Oil and Gas Industry of Nigeria: An appraisal.Cadernos de Estudos Africanos, (28), pp.119-140. Idowu, S., Capaldi, N., Zu, L. and Das Gupta, A. (2013).Encyclopedia of corporate social responsibility. Berlin: Springer. Jahdi, K. (2014). Cause-related marketing (CaRM) and corporate social responsibility (CSR).Social Responsibility Journal, 10(4), pp.674-684. Kotler, P. and Lee, N. (2005).Corporate social responsibility. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley. Musa, A., Yusuf, Y., McArdle, L. and Banjoko, G. (2013). Corporate social responsibility in Nigeria's oil and gas industry: the perspective of the industry.IJPMB, 3(2), p.101. Sternberg, E. (2009). CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE 1.Economic Affairs, 29(4), pp.5-10. Trong Tuan, L. (2012). Corporate social responsibility, ethics, and corporate governance.Social Responsibility Journal, 8(4), pp.547-560. Corrigendum. (2013).Party Politics, 19(2), pp.377-377. Corrigendum. (2013).Party Politics, 19(5), pp.851-851. Douglass, L. (2011). Conclusions: Long-term management of Lennox-Gastaut syndrome: Future directions.Epilepsia, 52, pp.28-28. Ikonnikova, S., Browning, J., Horvath, S. and Tinker, S. (2014). Well Recovery, Drainage Area, and Future Drill-Well Inventory: Empirical Study of the Barnett Shale Gas Play.SPE Reservoir Evaluation Engineering. Inkpen, A. and Moffett, M. (2011).The global oil gas industry. Tulsa, Okla.: PennWell. Jacobs, A. (2011).Governing for the long term. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Jacoby, D. (2012).Optimal supply chain management in oil, gas, and power generation. Tulsa, Okla.: PennWell Corp. Jin, Z. and Bai, Y. (2011). Sustainable Development and Long-Term Strategic Management: Embedding a Long-Term Strategic Management System into Medium and Long-Term Planning. World Future Review, 3(2), pp.49-69.

Human Immune System free essay sample

None of these things are able to get in when your immune system is working, but the moment your immune system stops the door is wide open. Once you die it only takes a few weeks for these organisms to completely dismantle your body and carry it away, until all thats left is a skeleton. The human immune system is made up of a number of interdependent cell types which collectively protect the persons body from various parasitic, fungal, bacterial and viral infections, as well as from the growth of tumor cells. | A number of these cell types have specialized functions, are able to kill parasites, engulf bacteria, or kill tumor cells or viral-infected cells. Frequently, these cells are dependent upon the, T, helper subset for activation signals in the form of secretions which are more formally referred to as, Lymphokines, Cytokines, or specifically as, Interleukins. An understanding of the T helper subset may assist in comprehension of the root of immune deficiencies, as well as perception of the potential avenues that the human immune system can be modulated in the case of particular diseases. We will write a custom essay sample on Human Immune System or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Immune Response The presence of an APC, combined with a T cell or B cell, is required in order for there to be an immune response to a foreign antigen. Should an APC present an antigen on its cell surface to a B cell, for example, the B cell is signaled to proliferate and produce antibodies. The antibodies then specifically bind to that antigen. If the antibodies bind to antigens on parasites or bacteria, it acts as a signal for macrophages or PMNs to engulf and kill them. One addition and important function of antibodies is to start something referred to as a, Complement Destruction Cascade. When antibodies bind to bacteria or cells, serum proteins referred to as, Complement, first bind to immobilized antibodies, and then destroy the bacteria through creating holes in the bacteria. Antibodies may also signal macrophages and natural killer cells to kill bacterial infected cells or viral cells. Aids The fight between the virus and the immune system for supremacy is continuous. Our b ody responds to this onslaught through production of more T-cells, some of which mature to become helper T-cells. The virus eventually infects these targets and eliminates them, too. More T-cells are produced; these too become infected, and are killed by the virus. This fight may continue for up to ten years before the body eventually succumbs, apparently because of the inability to any-longer produce T-cells. This loss of helper T-cells finally results in the complete inability of our body to ward-off even the weakest of organisms (all kinds of bacteria and viruses other than HIV) which are normally not ever a problem to us. This acquired condition of immunodeficiency is called, AIDS.

Gregor Mendel Essays (549 words) - Biology, Genetics, Free Essays

Gregor Mendel Essays (549 words) - Biology, Genetics, Free Essays Gregor Mendel Gregor Mendel played a huge role in the underlying principles of genetic inheritance. Gregor was born, July 22 1822 in Heinzendorf, Austrian Silesia (now known as Hyncice, Czech Republic), with the name Johann Mendel. He changed his name to Gregor in 1843. He grew up in an Augustinian brotherhood and he learned agricultural training with basic education. He then went on to the Olmutz Philosophical Institute and later entered the Augustinian Monastery in 1843. After 3 years of theological studies, Mendel went to the University of Vienna, where 2 professors influenced him; the physicist Doppler and a botanist named Unger. Here he learned to study science through experimentation and aroused his interest in the causes of variation in plants. He returned to Brunn in 1854 where he was a teacher until 1868. Mendel died January 6 1884. In 1857, Mendel began breeding garden peas in the abbey garden to study inheritance, which lead to his law of Segregation and independent assortment. Mendel observed several characteristics of the garden peas which include: plant height (tallness/shortness), seed color (green/yellow), seed shape (smooth/wrinkled), seed-coat color (gray/white), pod shape (full/constricted), pod color (green/yellow), and flower distribution (along length/ at end of stem). Mendel keep careful records of his experiments and first reported his findings at a meeting of the Brunn Natural History Society. The results of Mendel's work were published in 1866 as Experiments with Plant Hybrids in the society's journal. Mendel's Law of Segregation stated that the members of a pair of homologous chromosomes segregate during meiosis and is distributed to different gametes. This hypothesis can be divided into four main ideas. The first idea is that alternative versions of genes account for variations in inherited characters. Different alleles will create different variations in inherited characters. The second idea is that for each character, an organism inherits two genes, one for each parent. So that means that a homologous loci may have matching alleles, as in the true-breeding plants of Mendel's P generation (parental). If the alleles differ, then there will be F hybrids. The third idea states that if the two alleles differ, the recessive allele will have no affect on the organism's appearance. So an F hybrid plant that has purple flowers, the dominant allele will be the purple-color allele and the recessive allele would be the white-color allele. The idea is that the two genes for each character segregate during gamete production. Independent assortment states that each member of a pair of homologous chromosome segregates during meiosis independently of the members of other pairs so that alleles carried on different chromosomes are different distributed randomly to the gametes. Mendel's work was not recognized right away as an important scientific breakthrough. In 1868 Mendel was promoted to abbot at the monastery and gave up his experiments. Aside from his fellow monks and his students his work was ignored. In fact the importance of Mendel's work was not discovered until 1900, sixteen years after his death. His work was discovered by three European scientists: Hugo De Vries, Carl Correns, and Erich Tschermak, working independently as they preformed their own similar experiments. They credited Gregor Mendel as the discoverer of the laws of heredity. In conclusion, Mendel's work was very important to the science community, and is to this day being studied. All his work was done without himself ever receiving credit while he was alive. His laws of heredity are still used today and he now has received credit as the discoverer of the laws of heredity.

The Connection and Effect of the Media on the Economy Research Paper

The Connection and Effect of the Media on the Economy - Research Paper Example According to Biagi (2006), this theory posits that media could inject ideas into someone the ways liquids are injected through a needle and that these ideas were in direct causal relation to behavior. (256) This is demonstrated best in the shift of supply. Media is crucial in the changing tastes and fashions of the public and that this factor is fundamental in creating demands for certain products and services. For instance, the supermarket Sainsbury's was inundated with requests for specific ingredients for particular recipes being shown in the cooking shows by Delia Smith and Jamie Oliver, to the extent where stores ran out of food items that were previously only moderate sellers. (Dransfield 2004, 288) Media changes knowledge, attitude, the behavior and sentiment of consumers and these make it a powerful force in the movement of the market and the aggregate supply and the demand for products and services as revealed by the Sainsbury’s case. The argument in regard to the media’s impact on variables such as aggregate demand is demonstrated in the potency and efficacy of media advertising. Advertising and promotions placed on all media platforms have the power to reinforce the use of products and the choice of particular brands. A study cited by Martin, for example, found that advertising reinforces the demand for alcoholic beverages, specifically highlighting that the reinforcing effects account for 1 to 3 percent of the variability in drinking. (p. 220) Again, in the context of shaping perception and changing behaviors, the media can be directly responsible in regard to how inflation is viewed by the public. In a study conducted by the Glasgow Media Group, for example, it found that the news stories in the British media – those about union and management portrayals - is partly responsible for the errors in public perception on inflation.

Compare and contrast the characters of Tybalt and Mercutio Essay

Compare and contrast the characters of Tybalt and Mercutio - Essay Example In addition, they play key roles in precipitating the tragedy that befalls the lovers. However, even though Tybalt and Mercutio provide a foil for characters that are rather similar, their two characters represent almost two entirely different spheres of existence in terms of their essential natures. The most direct contrast of their characters comes in the tense interaction between Mercutio and Tybalt in Act 3 Scene 1 before Romeo arrives. Tybalt arrives and after Mercutio offers a witty quip, the Capulet immediately states his willingness to fight with swords instead of words (III,i,36-50). But Mercutio, the gifted artisan of language, stands his ground in an exchange with Tybalt and will not budge, even though this feud is now taking place in the public space. This difference in the two characters demeanours is the most noticeable throughout the play, given the instrumental role Tybalt’s sword will have on the plot structure—leading to Mercutio’s death and Romeo’s subsequent exile. But by mocking emotions and aspirations of other characters, Mercutio lightens the play with clever humour, contrasted with the almost infuriatingly solemnity of the malevolent Tybalt. And as a man with a more cynical perspective on human affairs, Mercutio allows the aud ience to see deeper through psychology. Tybalt, on the other hand, exemplifies simplicity and dimensionless action. In terms of a contrast, there remains also the issue of both characters’ worldviews and choices in the narrative structure of the tragedy. Mercutio, unlike other characters, refuses to blame an objective fate for the occurrences in the play, exemplified by such concepts as â€Å"star-cross’d lovers† (Prologue, 6). Instead, Mercutio lays the blame for the tragedy (in terms of events already taken place and those that will take place) on specific people rather than the hand of fate. In his view, the fault lays with the

Child labor in Egypt

Child labor in Egypt Child labor in Egypt Child labour is work that may harm children or keep them away from education. It is a disaster on edge, a world wide known scene is the working child. You can see them every where especially in developing countries, rural areas. To the degree that you can forget that its a big catastrophe that really concerns our families and communities. Our hope in those children fades into a black ugly future. Child labor is work that harms children or keeps them from attending school. I do believe that Poverty and the lack of education are the most important reasons for child labor, especially in the agrarian sector. Other reports show that the policies of market liberalization contribute greatly to the spread of this phenomenon and the violation of childrens rights to care and protection. More over Consequences of child labor are crystal clear which do affect the psychological state and their health; causes are varied according to the community, needs, traditions and the knowledge raising level. However solutions are always available if we do care to reach them. This essay examines the problem of child labor and its causes and effects, together with the required measures needed in order to prevent the serious issues that could be disastrous and life threatening on Egyptian children. First we have to define the word child; the meaning could be based on different aspects, some can refer to puberty age as a quite end of childhood thus boys of 13 and girls of 10 are supposed to be mature and not children anymore, in my opinion this is the peek of injustice. Other can refer to the education years, so that after secondary education you are more of a man knowing that you completed about 16 years old, much better opinion yet not really satisfying. Others do prefer the medically word reaching, being mature by 21, and that is quite fair but it wont ever be considered as a minimum working age in our country. So the word actually differs from one culture to another, and as a result laws should be imposed on that part which I think that its effective when discussing that problem, the real age of working should be settled under the supervision of lots of medical and psychological doctors to reach the optimum age where we can say that working man is not more a child labor. When thinking about it, there are a lot of complexities and considerations that should be taken wisely and handled carefully to achieve the best results. First we have to know or even passing by the psychology of the child. It is well known that his psychology and his mental state structure are really different from the mature ones, they had their own thinking and their own bright colored captivated world, it should be mingled with joy and happiness, play and developing themselves step by step but in insuring way, to discover their own world through their families, their bodies and souls. An important stage that will surely affect our lives in the future, what if that part of his life is removed, depriving him from his rights, but even adding a lot of responsibilities on his back? They will surely age quickly and die much younger. Few can consider it a benefit that working early in your life would grow the reliability and the responsibility features in the kid of 8 years, Im totally against it, they think that those arent human but more of computers, the more you give, the more you take, its more like feeding a new born baby the usual meals of a grown man. Being a thief, that what someone can call himself when he orders a kid to work, stealing his best part of his life, his childhood, he is aging him so early that the child could come to a certain point and got lost just from tiredness. â€Å"Children are bullied, isolated and shut out of school. They are missing out on education. They are missing out on medicines. Children are missing your love, care and protection.† (Jackie Chan) Children have special needs that should be fulfilled first before going to work like basic needs of food, shelter, emotions, and love and caring. It is believed that the last one is the most important thing to produce a reasonable state and a man later. The fact of choosing has to be considered also, had the child has the right of choosing being a labour or not, most of them had been ordered to work either by their parents or any other member of their family. What can a child aged 6 years offer to a family or even his country? Nothing actually he loads on it. Thus parents should think for the best of their children and stop selfishness and lust for money. Some families may send their own children to what is called an easy work, like a delivery guy or something rather than sending them to hard work like coal mining work and all that work concerning efforts and great deals of concentration. But actually work is a work, whether its easy or hard, physical or mental involved work. All work involves a challenge and still those easy worked labors do called child labors. Parents and the government are fully responsible for the appearance of such devastating scenes in the street and it huge spread. The few pounds that a child earns really would never make such a big difference. Normally children are paid fewer wages than adults, this does not make parents feel proud to see their child working and spending his money on satisfying the basic needs of the home, or greedy aims that had turned family members into monsters that can deprive their child from the colorful and respectful life again, even animals do not let their children hunt food or go on their own. Thus fear do control our children, they can do everything even the impossible just to feel safe no more. Parents also fear their hidden entrusted future, so they use their children as a life grasping tool in order to overcome the worse which is life. They do refer that they care about them the most and at the same time they are driving them to hell, moving them out of schools, creating small rude bullies deprived from any good manners that we really need to plant it in our children those days. Some may sympathies with those parents; one may say that they got nothing but their children to make their living. Maybe the parents were too old ore even disabled, thus there is no way from abusing and seducing their children. Birth control is a huge issue that threatens the futures of all children. This will increase the level of poverty which forces kids to leave education and go to work to support their families There is abject poverty in Egypt, so families use children as breadwinners, (Nevine Osman Dec 4, 2006). There will be lack of job chances with more competition in case of failure to control birth. Starting campaigns to tell people about ways of controlling birth and what are the problems of having lots of children. They will also know how to change their lifestyle and their way of thinking in life which will help them generally in their lives. Traditions play a very important role here, for example land lord, and would prefer to move his child out of school to help him in planting and cropping fields. Not a money need problem, but a tradition that a son should be always be his fathers eyes and soul, he should imitate him, stick at his back, moving out of his personality and wear his fathers, depriving him from his right of choice, being a copy cat of his father, being of no use in the whole community. He would fail to success and he would fail to return to him self once more which could trigger a lot of psychological problems in those children when they grow up. Jealousy could rush out extremely which would be very dangerous on the child, he would turn into a greedy person, who envy his friends if he would still have any, also he will hold a lot of greed towards his family. And it is not his fault, but his parents. In many rural areas where education is not strong enough there to make a difference; because of the lack of schools or it is too expensive to afford, some families may not trust education, they were not educated and thus they introduce to the new world arrogant people that will surely be a load on the whole community. This practice is considered exploitative by manyinternational organizationsand is illegal in many countries. Child labor was exploited to varying extents through most of history, but entered public strife with the arrival ofuniversal education, with changes in working conditions during theindustrial revolution, and with the emergence of the concepts ofworkers andchildrens rights. During theIndustrial Revolution, cant imagine that young children of only four were employed in production factories with horrible, and almost fatal, working conditions.Based on this issue of abusing children, now developed countries turned to be ahuman rightsinfringement, and are outlawed, however some poorer countries may accept or even encourage child labour. Charles Dickensfor example worked at the age of 12 with his poor family in a blackening factory of a certain prison and his suffering really appeared in his writings from Oliver Twist and others. Supple boys were employed by the chimney sweeps; tiny children were entitled to crawl under machinery to retrieve cotton seeds; above it children were ordered to work incoal minesto scramble through low and narrow tunnels which cant be reached by older men. They worked as undertaking boys, crossing sweepers. They do deserve your deepest pity and mine too. A high number of children also worked asprostitutes.Children as young as three were put to business. In coal mines children began work at the age of four and regularly died before the age of 24. Many children worked over than 16 hour days. Some of those poor creatures worked as tourists guides, entitled to bring in business for shops and restaurants and there they may work as well as waiters. They are given a lot of tedious and repetitive jobs like assembling boxes, polishing shoes, pilling up a stores products. However, most child labor occurs in the informal sector, selling many things on the streets, at work in agriculture orhidden away in houses—far from the reach of official labor inspectors and from media scrutiny. (Mubarak, Susan (2002)). And all the work that they did was done in all types of weather; and was also done for minimal pay. As long as there is family poverty there will be child labor. According toUNICEF, there are about 158 million children aged 6 to 14 in child labors worldwide, excluding child domestic labor. TheUnited Nationsand theInternational Labor Organizationconsider child labour exploitative,with the UN stipulating, in article 32 of theConvention on the Rights of the Childthat: States Parties recognize the right of the child to be protected from economic exploitation and from performing any work that is likely to be hazardous or to interfere with the childs education, or to be harmful to the childs health or physical, mental, spiritual, moral or social development.(Convention on the Rights of the Child 29thDecember 2009). Also globally there is an estimated count of 250 million children working. Concerns have normally been raised over the buying publics ethical conspiracy in buying products gathered or even produced insome developing countrieswith child labour; on the other side others have raised concerns thatboycottingproducts manufactured using child labour may direct these children to more back-breaking or gruelling professions, such as prostitution or even peculation. Child labor is a pressing issue in Egypt and the world, Egypt is well known of its high quality cotton and its enormous cotton fields, thus most of families in delta do rely on farming. Researches showed that the children employed there work long hours, routinely face beatings at the hands of foremen, and are poorly protected against pesticides and heat. Working eleven hours a day, seven days a week. The children inspect cotton plants for leaf worm eggs and manually remove infected portions of leaves. Actually children were cheaper to hire, more obedient, and had the appropriate height for inspecting cotton plants. Majority of them are between the ages of seven and twelve who earn on average three Egyptian pounds (less than one U.S. dollar) each day. Knowing that Temperatures in Nile Delta cotton fields can reach 40 degrees Celsius. Added to it, Requests for water are granted at the discretion of the foremen. Most of children recounted routine beatings with wooden switches by foreme n whenever a child was perceived to be slowing down or overlooking leaves. They are humiliated, we were alarmed, but where is the action? Children resumed work on cotton fields either immediately after pesticide spraying or after twenty-four to forty-eight hours, a period that falls short of the recommended intervals for reentry after the use of certain pesticides registered for use in Egypt. Article 124 of the Egypt Labor Act No. 91 of 1959 stipulates that no child under 12 years of age may be employed under any circumstances and sets the minimum age at 15 years for some hazardous industries. Labor Law 137 of 1981 states that children between the ages of 12 and 15 are allowed to work 6 hours a day, but not after 7:00 p.m. Decrees No. 12 and 13 issued by the Ministry of Manpower and Vocational Training in 1982 specify various hazardous jobs and industries where the employment of children under 15, in a few cases, and 17, in other cases, are prohibited. (Child Labor in Export Industries) The government is currently considering revisions to its labor code. Where the draft legislation being discussed would raise the minimum age for work to 14 years and would establish a number of conditions and protections for working children between the ages of 14 and 17. In the formal sector, particularly in the state-owned factories where most of export production is concentrated, local trade unions report that Egypts labor laws were well enforced. By contrast, there appears to be little effort by the government to oversee conditions in the informal sector. Small factories and workshops are occasionally subject to labor inspections although working conditions for children, as well as adults, often remain in violation of labor laws.The Ministry of Manpower noted that its 2,000 labor inspectors cited 72,000 violations stemming from 500,000 site visits in 1993.On the other hand, independent studies and interviews indicate that many employers view the inspectors as ineffective, at best. The most recent effort to address child labor in Egypt was the 1994 child labor workshops for government labor inspectors, jointly sponsored by the ILO International Program for the Elimination of Child Labor (IPEC) and the Egyptian Ministry of Manpower and Training. UNICEF also has an active program which conducts and sponsors research on child labor. Interviews with several trade unions, the Egyptian Trade Union Federation and the Arab Labor Organization revealed little activity regarding child labor. The unions are active in the formal sector of the economy where they say child labor does not exist. Egyptian non-governmental organizations (NGOs) focus primarily on research and action to ameliorate the worst aspects of child labor. For example, groups conduct training sessions to teach children a marketable skill in non-hazardous industries, such as sewing. They operate health clinics and literacy programs as well as child care centers for working mothers. Campaigns are underway to raise public awareness of the detrimental effects of child labor. Still other NGOs work to promote government enforcement of existing child labor laws, particularly prohibitions against children working excessive hours, at night, or in hazardous industries. Government should pay monthly salaries to the families who live beyond the poverty lines and others who are incapable to work, to help them bare with their childrens education fees and replace the salary that children used to take. They should know that in case of making their children also work besides the salary the already take, they will not be able to have the monthly salary. Also medical services should be available in cheap prices to cure the effects of labour on children before they go to school to benefit education to the most and also be able to deal with new people from higher or lower levels and how to not get affected by lower ones and get forward to try to be like higher levels. â€Å"When the lives and the rights of children are at stake, there must be no silent witnesses.†- Carol Bellamy. Child labour inspectors should be hired by the government to trace any child labour and report labourers who deserve to be prosecuted like any other criminal. Summing up, child labour is an unacceptable and an inhumanly issue that we should deal with it with much care, it always pushes people to think about the causes of poverty, lack of education, families strictly unbearable lust for wealth; and the consequences from creating a whole uneducated bullies of generations, of no use for our community but it also perpetuates poverty and affects national economies through losses in competitiveness, productivity and potential income. Withdrawing children from child labour, providing them with education and assisting their families with training and employment opportunities contribute directly to creating decent work for adults and put them as Egyptians on the top of the world where it can be considered as an essential step to grab the worlds attention to our efforts in order to be a well developed country, Egypt will no more be a third world country. References: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Child_labor http://www.absoluteastronomy.com/topics/Child_labor Bellamy, Carol, (1995-2004) Executive Director of the United Nations Childrens Fund (UNICEF) (Child Labor in Export Industries) retrieved from http://www.dol.gov/ilab/media/reports/iclp/sweat/egypt.htm (Convention on the Rights of the Child)Retrieved (29thDecember 2009) from http://www2.ohchr.org/english/law/crc.htm) (Mubarak, Susan (5/5/2002) The first Global Report on Child Labor (A future without child labour) retrieved (3rdJanuary 2010) from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Child_labour). Osman, Nevine (Dec 4, 2006) Egyptian children trade childhood for money retrieved from (http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSSP22649220061204)

Steven Spielberg’s Interpretation of Philip K. Dicks’s Minority Report

Steven Spielberg’s Interpretation of Philip K. Dicks’s Minority Report In the year 2054 crime has become a thing of the past. The relatively new Pre-Crime system allows the government to operate an elite police force, which with the help of three very talented and unique human beings can see into the future and prevent countless crimes, especially murders before they happen. In Philip K. Dicks’s short story, The Minority Report, the world we live in is nearly infallible. With the reduction of violent criminal acts, people can live their lives in peace and prosperity without the fear of the pain and suffering, which usually accompanies violence. Likewise, in director Steven Spielberg’s 2002 movie re-creation of Dick’s renowned story, Spielberg also offers up an image of a nearly flawless society whose foundation is about to be tested to its limits. The atmosphere Philip K. Dick immersed the reader into in his short story about what is to come of crime and the future is very fast paced. The story itself being fairly short in length is action packed and abundant with drama, mystery, and suspicion. The opening scene takes place at the Pre-Crime headquarters where John Anderton, the Pre-Crime director confronts Ed Witwer, who is an ambitious newcomer to Anderton’s agency. As in Spielberg’s film the two quickly bond in not such an affectionate way. However, when Anderton decides to show off the way his crime prevention scheme works he’s stunned upon realizing that he has been predestined by his own system to kill a man in the upcoming week. In both versions of the story the main character, Anderton, now embarks on a quest to find out exactly what is happening to him. Under the suspicion that he’s being fr... ...y reasons why this could have occurred, the most probable one is that Spielberg needed to lengthen Dick’s short story and alter it slightly in order to make it more lengthy and meaningful to his target early 21st Century audience. Lastly, I personally preferred the original version of the story after seeing the film; however, after being given the chance to actually listen to Spielberg’s reasoning behind some of the things he did in his version of the story, the movie adaptation became more intriguing and meaningful to me than it had previously been. Works Cited Dick, Philip K. The Minority Report: And Other Short Stories by Philip K. Dick. New York: Kensington Publishing Corp., 2002 Minority Report. Writ. Dick, Philip K., Frank, Scott, Cohen, Jon. and Dir. Steven Spielberg. Prod. Goldman, Gary, Shusett, Ronald. Perf. Tom Cruise. 20th Century Fox, 2002.

Defining and Experiencing the Humanities Essay

I am currently having trouble defining humanities in my own words after reading week one’s overview. Unfortunately after reading this week’s readings and watching the assigned videos, I am still unclear as to what humanities really is. The week one overview while well written was merely a string of questions and what ifs, that honestly left me with even more questions than I started with. Is this an art appreciation class, a literature class, maybe history? Could it possibly be all these things and more? I am still not sure but I am very certain I look forward to finding out. My selection of a cultural event that I have attended (and participated in) is the War for Empire event at Ft. Dobbs in Statesville, NC. This event is the largest event at Ft. Dobbs each year. During this event there are several encampments that showcase different aspects of life on the North Carolina frontier during the mid-18th century. There are Cherokee and Catawba encampments that demonstrate music, dance, and other forms of art such as finger weaving. The native interpreters also discuss clothing, food, and social norms associated with their people. There are also many Anglo (European) encampments which demonstrate things such as period cooking, beer crafting, tailoring, and furniture and once there was even a cobbler (awesome). Other sights to be seen are weapons and tactics demonstrations, the clothing and equipment used by the common soldiers, laborers and farmers of the North Carolina frontier during the Seven Years War.

Analysis Of Grendel s Grendel - 728 Words

Martin Mraz Common Core English IV March 9, 2017 Grendel’s Pain In John Gardner s Grendel, Grendel states, Tedium is the worst pain (138). Grendel views boredom as an expression of his painful, purposeless existence. Perpetual boredom has steadily increased and intensifies in chapter ten leading Grendel to be anxious for something to happen. Ironically, Grendel claims nothing is happening, and all is boring, yet filled with longing and expecting for something big to happen soon. Grendel’s search intensifies and becomes desperate at the event of the Shaper’s death. He feels utterly alone and isolated. It seems Grendel can only talk to himself. In Chapter ten Gardner examines the significance of the astrological sign Capricorn, the†¦show more content†¦His bleak assessment of man’s state is heard in the icy statement, â€Å"The world is white† (148). Grendel believes himself to be the only one moved by the old priest’s words while standing in frozen company in the shadow of a funeral fire. Is he the only one moved by the Shaper’s death? Grendel sees everyone as stiff and frozen blue like ice. His own mother acts only to prevent him from deepening his pessimistic tendency revealed by the loss. She tries to get in his way. She attempts to block his view of the funeral procession. Grendel’s Nietzschean philosophy continues to take shape in the wake of the Shaper’s death. Grendel groans, We re on our own again. Abandoned (149). Grendel prefers to develop a loneliness and Isolation theme as he struggles for identity and purpose in life. He journeys past his mother’s attempts to protect him from feeling and moves her aside even though she is pained by his cool objection. Her whoops cannot stop him from moving on as he comforts himself to believe, â€Å"I will forget, tomorrow, so her pain is a matter of indifference† (147). His independent spirit persists in conflicted loneliness. The Shaper’s hopeful song about thaw and spring rain echoes from the lips of a young man only to meet empty, lonely space within Grendel. The people solemnly listen in funeral waiting and a distracted, dry-eyed king is seen by all to be unmoved. Grendel is restless and continues to move forward with his lonely,Show MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Grendel s Grendel 977 Words   |  4 Pages From the novel Grendel (Gardner, 1971), Grendel is one of the three antagonists along with his mother and the dragon. Grendel has t he combination of human and beast; he emerge in a society that mocks and threats him these scenes features racism and class level in the nineteenth century. Grendel is an individual who pleased to coexist with humanity, but also the murderous brute who kills for no reason. Grendel hears noises from the meadhall as he scramble through the woods. 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